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Research

Cardiovascular Disease

Studies have associated moderate elevations in homocysteine with coronary heart disease, MI, cerebrovascular disease, carotid intima-media thickness, lower extremity arterial disease, and isolated systolic hypertension. Since homocysteine metabolism depends on B vitamins as cofactors, the relationship between B vitamin status, homocysteine levels, and atheroclerosis has been the focus of many investigations. Early detection of deficiencies is a critical step in disease prevention. SpectraCell's cardiovascular profile 1600, which includes homocysteine, can detect functional deficiencies of vitamins B6, B12, folic acid, calcium, and magnesium, as well as total antioxidant function.

REFERENCES

  1. Vascular pathology of homocysteinemia. McCully KS. Am J Pathol. 1969;56:111-128.
  2. Homocysteine and coronary artery disease in French Canadian subjects: Relation with vitamins B12, B6, pyridoxal phosphate and folate. Dalery K et al. Am J Cardiol. 1995;75:1107-1111.
  3. A prospective study of plasma homocysteine and risk of myocardial infarction in US physicians. Stampfer MJ et al. JAMA. 1992;286:877-881.
  4. Hyperhomocysteinaemia in stroke: prevalence, cause and relationships to type of stroke and stroke risk factors. Brattstrom L et al. Eur J Clin Invest. 1992;22:214-221.
  5. Carotid artery intimal-medial wall thickening and plasma homocysteine in asymptomatic adults. Malinow MR et al. Circulation. 1993;87:1107-1112.
  6. Hyperhomocysteinemia: an independent risk factor for intermittent claudication. Molgaard J et al. J Intern Med. 1992;231:273-279.
  7. High homocysteine levels are independently related to isolated systolic hypertension in older adults. Sutton-Tyrrell K et al. Circulation. 1997;96:1745-1749.
  8. Low circulating folate and vitamin B6 concentrations: Risk factors for stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and coronary artery disease. Robinson K et al. Circulation. 1998;97:437-443.
  9. Effects of folic acid and combinations of folic acid and vitamin B-12 on plasma homocysteine concentrations in healthy young women. Brönstrup A et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 1998;68:1104-1110.
  10. Homocyst(e)ine, diet, and cardiovascular diseases: a statement for Healthcare Professionals from the Nutrition Committee, American Heart Association. Malinow MR et al. Circulation. 1999;99:178-182.
  11. Metabolic evidence that deficiencies of vitamin B-12 (cobalamin), folate, and vitamin B-6 occur commonly in elderly people. Joosten E et al. Am J Clin Nurt. 1993;58:468-476.
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